Formulation and antibacterial activity of a gel containing combined binahong and betel leaf extracts against staphylococcus aureus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30989/mik.v15i2.2141Keywords:
antibacterial activity, anredera cordifolia, gel, piper betle, staphylococcus aureusAbstract
Background: Open wounds are susceptible to bacterial infection, including infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Binahong and betel leaves contain secondary metabolites with antibacterial potential, but their combination in gel dosage form remains limited.
Objective: To evaluate the physical characteristics and antibacterial activity of a combination gel containing binahong and betel leaf extracts against Staphylococcus aureus.
Methods: This laboratory experimental study prepared gels containing a total extract concentration of 5% at binahong-to-betel ratios of 1:3 (F1), 2:2 (F2), and 3:1 (F3). A gel base and clindamycin 1% were used as negative and positive controls. Physical evaluation included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity.
Results: All formulations met the physical requirements for topical gel. Mean inhibition zones were 11.15±0.31 mm for F1, 9.85±0.48 mm for F2, 8.85±0.68 mm for F3, 20.82±0.38 mm for the positive control, and 0 mm for the negative control. The differences among groups were significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: F1 showed the strongest antibacterial activity among the extract gels, although it was lower than clindamycin 1%.
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