Waspada Demam Berdarah: Penyegaran Pengetahuan Antisipasi, Pencegahan dan Tanggap Gejala bagi Warga Dusun Ciren, Triharjo, Pandak, Bantul, DIY

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan negara tropis yang memiliki problem penyakit infeksi menular salah satunya adalah Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albocpictus yang merupakan vektor penularan DBD dapat berkembang pesat di iklim tropis yang lembab dan hangat serta curah hujan yang tinggi. Angka kejadian DBD di Indonesia masih berfluktuasi naik dan turun tiap tahunnya, menandakan bahwa upaya pencegahan belum konsisten mendorong trend penurunan angka kejadian. Pencegahan pada perilaku masyarakat dalam menjaga lingkungan merupakan sasaran utama. Untuk itu edukasi masyarakat perlu terus dilakukan secara intensif. Wilayah dusun Ciren, Triharjo, Pandah, Bantul, DIY merupakan salah satu yang memerlukan pendampingan dan edukasi tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan yang meliputi ceramah, diskusi, dan survei terkait pengetahuan tentang DBD, cara pencegahannya, identifikasi gejala, serta kesiap-siagaan dalam merespon gejala. Hasil survei menunjukkan tingkat pemahaman tentang penyakit DBD sebesar 90,4 %, pemahaman tentang upaya pencegahan sebesar 78,6%, penggunaan larvasida dan insektisida sebesar 35,7%, pemahaman tentang gejala dan penanganannya sebesar 92,8%. Dalam hal ini menandakan bahwa masyarakat memiliki tingkat pemahaman medium namun belum cukup memuaskan.

Indonesia is tropical country which holds contagious disease problem such as Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). Aedes aegypti and Aedes albocpictus, two mosquito species play as dengue vector, multiply rapidly in warm and humid tropical climate with high precipitation and rainfall. Incident rate of DHF in Indonesia fluctuates each year, indicating that the prevention has not yet consistent. Prevention approach by changing community behavior for environmental health is the main objective. Therefore, a continuous and sustainable community education is necessary. Ciren village, Triharjo, Pandak, Bantul, DIY is one out of many communities area which needs assistance to improve knowledge regarding DHF. Assisting method performed were teaching, discussion, and survey of the related knowledge, including the basic knowledge of DHF, prevention method, identification of the symptom, and responsiveness. Results showed the comprehension of respondent regarding basic knowledge of DHF was as much as 90.4%, the comprehension of prevention was as much as 78.6%, the use of larvicide and insecticide was as much as 35.7%, comprehension of symptom and to quick respond was as much as 92.8%. It denotes that the surveyed community has medium comprehension but still narrowly satisfying.