Evaluation of the Suitability of Antihypertensive Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Hypertension Comorbidity

Abstract

Background: Diabetes and hypertension are two chronic diseases that often occur together. The prevalence of hypertension in diabetic patients is twice as high as in the general population, with approximately 69% of adults with diabetes also having hypertension. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in diabetic patients, and hypertension management plays a crucial role in reducing this risk. Antihypertensive therapy for type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension requires complex treatment strategies.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the suitability of antihypertensive therapy prescribed to type 2 diabetic patients with comorbid hypertension, comparing it with the guidelines in the 12th edition of the DiPiro therapeutic algorithm in 2023.

Research Methods: This is a descriptive study with a retrospective data collection method, using consecutive sampling. The sample consists of 47 outpatient type 2 DM patients with comorbid hypertension. Variables evaluated include drug indication, drug class, and drug dosage. Data analysis was conducted using Microsoft Excel to calculate percentages of drug therapy suitability.

Results: The evaluation found that the suitability of drug indication was 100%, the suitability of drug class was 65.96%, and the suitability of drug dosage was 100%.

Conclusion: Most type 2 DM patients with comorbid hypertension in this study were male, aged 60-74 years. The study highlights that while the suitability of drug indication and dosage met the recommended standards, the drug class suitability was below 100%. It is recommended that further efforts be made to align the prescribed antihypertensive therapy with the treatment guidelines.

Keywords: Evaluation; Hypertension; Outpatient; Therapy Suitability