The Effect of Extraction Time by Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) Method on Tannin Levels of Kayu Bulan Leaf (Pisonia alba Span.)

Abstract

Background: Kayu bulan (Pisonia alba Span.) is one of the ornamental plant that have been used as an alternative treatment for health because of the tannin compound content in them. Tannin compounds can be obtained through the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method, which is an extraction method using ultrasonic waves so that the extraction process can run quickly, minimize the use of solvents, and produce better extract quality. Extraction time is one of the factors that affects the tannin content in the extract, so it is necessary to find the optimum extraction time to obtain optimal tannin levels.

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of extraction time using the Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) method on the tannin content of Bulan Wood (Pisonia alba Span.) leaves.

Research methods: Tannin levels were measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, with UV-Vis spectrophotometry at 760 nm determining tannic acid equivalent (TAE).

Results: The results of the study obtained tannin levels at extraction time variations of 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes, namely 15.4474; 14.9067; 19.2815; 14.4919; 15.6919; and 14.8326 mg TAE/gram. The study identifies the optimal extraction time for maximizing tannin yield, which is essential for the efficient use of Pisonia alba in pharmaceuticals and antioxidant-rich formulations. The highest tannin levels were obtained at extraction time variations of 45 minutes of 19.2815 mg TAE/gram.

Conclusion: The conclusion of this research is the extraction time affects the levels of tannin compounds in the extract of kayu bulan (Pisonia alba Span.).

Keywords: Pisonia alba Span; Ultrasound Assisted Extraction; Tannins; Time Optimization