JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL (JOP)

Penetapan kadar total flavonoid ekstrak etanol daun ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis

2024-10-30T15:25:24+07:00

Daun ketapang diketahui mengandung senyawa kimia berupa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan kuinon. Daun ketapang memiliki manfaat sebagai antioksidan. Potensi ekstrak daun ketapang sebagai antioksidan dapat meningkat apabila kadar total flavonoid juga meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar total flavonoid ekstrak etanol daun ketapang secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Daun ketapang diekstrasi dengan metode maserasi selama 3x24 jam menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Metode penetapan kadar menggunakan uji kualitatif dan uji kuantitatif. Penetapan kadar dilakukan secara kuantitatif dengan alat spektrofotometer UV-Vis menggunakan reagen AlCl₃ dan kuersetin sebagai larutan baku. Analisa data yang digunakan dalam penetapan kadar total ekstrak etanol daun ketapang menggunakan persamaan regresi linear y = 0,0056x+0,0063. Uji kualitatif pada ekstrak etanol daun ketapang menunjukkan hasil positif senyawa flavonoid. Kadar total flavonoid yang terkandung dalam ekstrak etanol daun ketapang yang diuji secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis diperoleh sebesar 57,86±1,49 mgEQ/g ekstrak.

Perbandingan Kadar Total Flavonoid Fraksi Air, Etil, Asetat, n-Heksana pada Daun Tanaman Apu-Apu (Pistia stratiotes L.) Menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis

2024-11-12T16:43:48+07:00

Apu-apu (Pistia stratiotes L) merupakan tanaman yang tumbuh didaerah tropis dan tumbuh diatas permukaan air yang tenang ataupun mengalir relatif lambat contohnya seperti area pertanian. Umumnya para petani menganggap tanaman apu-apu (Pistia stratiotes L) sebagai hama atau gulma yang menyerap kandungan nutrisi tanaman disekitarnya. Tanaman apu-apu (Pistia stratotes L) dapat tumbuh liar didaerah rawa, sungai, danau atau genangan air, sehingga dianggap dapat menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan. Hasil skrining fitokimia Ekstrak etanol daun tanaman apu-apu (Pistia stratiotes L.) pada fraksi air dan etil asetat mengandung senyawa flavonoid dilihat dari perubahan warna, sedangkan untuk fraksi n-Heksan tidak mengandung senyawa flavonoid, hal ini dibuktikan dengan uji sinoda perubahan warnayang dilihat. Pada perhitungan Kadar Total Flavonoid yakni fraksi air mengandung senyawa Flavonoid sebesar 0,914 mgQE dalam 10 mg ekstrak sampel, pada fraksi Etil asetat mengandung 1,205 mgQE dalam 10 mg ekstrak sampel.

Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Fraksi N-Heksana Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya Linn.) Terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus

2024-10-09T11:43:48+07:00

Background: Infectious diseases are still a problem for the world of health. Infectious diseases are caused by viral, bacterial and parasitic infections. Inappropriate use of antibiotics in treating bacterial infections can cause antibiotic resistance effects. Prevention of the effects of resistance can be done by looking for natural antibiotic agents derived from plants. One of the potential medicinal plants as antibiotics is papaya leaf.

Objective: The objective of study was determine the antibacterial activity of the papaya leaf n-hexane fraction against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and to determine the diameter zone of inhibition the papaya leaf n-hexane fraction at 20%; 40%; 60%; 80%; and 100% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

Method: Papaya leaf were extraction by using maceration method of 70% ethanol as solvent. Separation of compounds based on the level of polarity using fractionation method with n-hexane: water (1:1 v/v) solvent then carried out phytochemical screening and separation of compounds using TLC method. The antibacterial activity testing used by agar diffusion method Kirby Bauer with the treatment group of papaya leaf n-hexane fraction with a concentration of 20%; 40%; 60%; 80%; and 100%, the positive control group used Ampicillin 10 μg and the negative control group used Aquades.

Result: Diameter zone of inhibition Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was smallest at 20% was 6,57 ± 0,15 mm and 6,69 ± 0,33 mm, while the diameter zone of inhibition the largest at 100% was 7,92 ± 0,23 mm and 7,94 ± 0,16 mm.

Conclusion: The papaya leaf n-hexane fraction concentration of 20%; 40%; 60%; 80%; and 100% had antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The higher concentration then the larger diameter zone of inhibition formed.

Pengaruh Perbedaan Pelarut Dalam Ekstraksi Herba Seledri (Apium graveolens L.) Terhadap Aktivitas Peredaman Radikal Bebas DPPH

2024-10-30T15:26:01+07:00

Background: The decreased physiological function is influenced by age and degenerative diseases. Degenerative diseases can be caused by free radicals. Neutralization of free radicals can be done by giving antioxidants. However, synthetic antioxidants cause many side effects so that natural antioxidants are needed from natural ingredients. Celery (Apium graveolens L.) is a natural antioxidant that can be used as antioxidant because celery contains flavonoid compounds.

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of different solvents of ethanol 96%, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane in the extraction of celery herbs on the free radical scavenging activity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).

Method: Celery herbs were extracted using the maceration method to obtain ethanol 96%, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts. The extract was then tested for its free radical scavenging activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The principle of the DPPH method is that a hydrogen atom binds to a free radical, causing the free radical to become a non-radical.

Result: The results showed that 96% ethanol extract of celery had the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 4.084 g/mL, followed by ethyl acetate 15.250 g/mL, and n-hexane 28.206 g/mL.

Conclusion: which the three solvents could be categorized as very active.

Aktivitas Peredaman Ekstrak Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius) dengan Metode DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil)

2024-10-30T15:25:06+07:00

Background: Antioxidants are compounds that prevent an oxidation reaction from free radical compounds and important role in capturing free radicals in the human body. Excessive free radicals in the body can cause tissue damage and degenerative diseases. Pandanus amarillyfolius are known to act as natural antioxidant that have the potential to capture free radical compounds, because of their presence of flavonoid compounds.

Objective: This study aims to determine the free radical scavenging activity of DPPH against the leaf extract of Pandanus amaryllifolius.

Method: Pandanus amaryllifolius extraction was carried out using the maceration method with methanol as solvent (1:10). Concentration was carried out using a rotary evaporator to obtain a thick extract. Phytochemical screening and TLC test were carried out qualitatively using the mobile phase n-butanol: acetic acid: water (6:2:2) and phytochemical testing including flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids or terpenoids to determine the presence of flavonoid compounds as antioxidants. Free radical scavenging activity was tested using DPPH free radical scavenger with concentrations of vitamin C 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 ppm and pandanus fragrance extract concentrations of 10, 15, 20, 25 ppm and measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer to calculate the IC₅₀ value.

Result: The results of the phytochemical screening test of fragrant pandan indicate the presence of flavonoid compounds. The Rf value of the TLC test obtained 0.765 quarcetin and 0.787 extract and the resulting yellow spots, the Rf value of pandan extract which was almost the same as the Rf value of quercetin indicated that the pandan extract may contain the same compounds as quercetin, namely flavonoid compounds. The results of the free radical scavenging activity of methanol extract of pandan leaves were 86,861 g/ml and for comparison, vitamin C was 39,103 g/ml. Based on the statistical analysis of the T-Test, it is known that there is a difference between the sample and the standard with a significant value (p <0.05), namely 0.001 and 0.023.

Conclusion: The Pandanus amaryllifolius extract test using the DPPH method is in the strong category (IC₅₀<50 -100 g/ml) and the comparison of Vitamin C is in the very strong category (IC₅₀<50 g/ml).