FAKTOR RISIKO KANKER PAYUDARA PADA WANITA DI RSUD PANEMBAHAN SENOPATI BANTUL
Abstract
Background: The incidence of breast cancer is increasing, particularly in previously low incidence areas such as Asia. In fact in Indonesia, it is considered as the leading cancer among women in certain metro such as Yogyakarta. The exact etiology of breast cancer remains unknown but the risk factors responsible for the causation of breast cancer may be population specific. Identifying these factors holds great promise in reducing the incidence, morbidity and mortality due this disease.
Objective: To unveil risk factors related to breast cancer cases in Panembahan Senopati Hospital of Bantul.
Methods: This study applied case control study method with 33 respondents for either case group or control group involved inclusion criteria. Data were surveyed by using a purposeful questionnaire and data of breast cancer cases was attained from patient’s medical record. Data analysis applied Chi-Square (α=0.05) and double logistic regression.
Results: Risk factors related to breast cancer cases according to multivariable analysis were; age of first pregnancy >30 years old (OR: 44,67;CI: 3,25–614,11; p=0,004), Parity History >2 children (OR: 10,07;Cl:1,59–63,91; p=0,014), age of menarche <12 (OR : 15,84; CI: 1,27–198,29;p=0,032), age of menopause >55 years old (OR: 0,007;CI: 0,00–0,18; p=0,003), and history of benign tumor infection (OR:62,15;CI: 3,33–1158,97; p=0,006). History of benign tumor infection was the risk factor with the most significant influence. The result of dual variable test with chi-square described a relation between age >30 years old, history of exclusive breastfeeding, radiation exposure, family history, and application of hormonal contraceptive.
Conclusions: Risk factors that had relations to breast cancer cases were age of first pregnancy >30 years old, parity history >2 children, age of menarche <12 years old, age of menopause >55 years old, and history of benign tumor infection.
Keywords: Breast cancer, risk factors
References
2. Nugrahaningsih. (2004). Ekspresi Protein Bcl-2 pada Kanker Mamma. M. Med Indonesiana, Vol. 39:53-57.
3. Harrison, P.A., Srinivasan, K., Binu, V.S., Vidyasagar, M.S., Nair,S. (2010). Risk Factors For breast Cancer Among Women Attending A Tertiary Care Hospital In Southern India. International journal of collaborative research on Internal Medicine & Public Health. Vol2, No 4.
4. Tapan. (2005). Kanker, Anti Oksidan dan Terapi Komplementer. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo.
5. American Cancer Society. (2014). Breast cancer: key statistic of breast cancer. Available at: http://www.cancer.org/cancer/breastcancer/detailedguide/breast-cancer-key-statistics. Accessed March 7th 2014.
6. Yayasan Kanker Indonesia. (2012). YKI- Jakarta Race. available at: http://yayasankankerindonesia.org/20 12/yki-jakarta-race/. Diakses pada tanggal 25 Maret 2014
7. Rasjidi, I. (2009). Deteksi Dini Pencegahan Kanker pada Wanita. Jakarta: CV Agung Seto.
8. American Cancer Society.(2014). Breast cacer: breast cancer risk factors. Available at: http://www.cancer.org/cancer/breastcanc er/detailedguide/breast-cancer-risk- factors . Accessed March 7th 2014
9. Ballard BR, Hunsberger S, Alciati MH. (2009). Physical activity, weight control, and breast cancer risk and survival: clinical trial rationale and design considerations. Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
10. Chang, E., John, D., & Doug, E. (2009). Patofisiologi: Aplikasi pada Praktik Keperawatan. Jakarta: EGC.
11. Corwin, E. J., (2009). Buku Saku Patofisiologi, Ed. 3. Jakarta: EGC.
12. Notoatmodjo.S. (2010) Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta : Rineka Cipta.
Articles received and published by the Media Ilmu Kesehatan are by the publication, the copyright of the article is fully transferred to the Media Ilmu Kesehatan. All operational forms such as printing, publication, and distribution of hard file journals are carried out by the Media Ilmu Kesehatan. Articles that have finished the review process and have been declared accepted by the journal manager or editor will be asked to fill out a statement of submission of copyright by the journal secretary to the main author or correspondent author. The statement of transfer of copyright is signed with a seal and sent via email to journalmik2018@gmail.com and contacted the admin of the journal to be followed up on archiving. Journal managers and editors have the right to edit the manuscript according to the provisions of the writing rules in the Media Ilmu Kesehatan.
Articles that have been declared accepted either online through the author's account on the OJS website https://ejournal.unjaya.ac.id/index.php/mik or a letter of receipt of the article (LOA), as well as those that have been published on OJS are not allowed to be published in other journals, or proceedings. The number of authors with more than one and as the main author or designated as the correspondent writer must have coordinated with members of the research team. The order of the authors submitted in the article as the author of one, two, three and so on cannot be changed when the article is published unless an error occurs in the technical operation of the journal.
